Losses fall through the capital stack in order. Enter a loss and see where it stops.
Equity
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AT1
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Tier 2
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Senior
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Depositors
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Reading
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The ordering is the design and the design mostly holds — but 2023 showed that a resolution under emergency powers follows the instrument's own documents and the local statute, not the textbook waterfall. See CoCo bonds for what the AT1 layer actually promises.
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